Freemind

http://freemind.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page

Leukopenia

What is the cause of the disease?

Ans: The primary cause of the disease is extensive neutrophil use or reduction in the number of neutrophils, which defend the body against bacterial or fungal infection. There are many other causes such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, leukemia and aplastic anemia (a condition where the bone marrow does not produce sufficient new cells to replenish blood cells).

How does the component of blood / blood vessel affected in the disease?

Ans: There are less white blood cells to fight bacteria which enter the body.

What is the function of the blood component / structure in the circulatory system?

Ans: White blood cells circulate in your blood stream, attacking invading bacteria, parasites and any other cells and objects that are not meant to be floating around inside your blood.

How does this blood component / structure differ from the rest in the circulatory system?

Ans: Comparing to red blood cell: The white blood cell has an irregular shape, has a nucleus and haemoglobin is absent. The white blood cell also fights bacteria either by producing antibodies or by phagocytosis, whereas the red blood cell has a regular shape, does not have any nucleus and haemoglobin in present. The red blood cell transports oxygen around the body.

How will the absence of the blood component / structure affect the health of the patient?

Ans: A shortage of white blood cells (leukopenia), makes the patient more vulnerable to other types of sickness and diseases as the patient has either a weak or no immune system to destroy harmful germs, viruses and bacterias in the body.

How is technology used to facilitate the analysis of one’s state of health and improve one’s lifestyle?

Ans: Technology can help patients suffer less and the rate of survival increases.

How is technology used to save lives with respect to the disease investigated?

Ans: Zell Oxygen is used in any healing regime. Ionic minerals helps to integrate other remedies. It contains 84 minerals and trace elements.Barley Grass Juice Powder provides minerals, trace elements, enzymes, vitamins, fatty acids and anti-oxidants that can enter into the cells.

Done by: Helene, Wei Kang, Yi Fan, Isaac, Fatin

Group 3571114's Project

Thrombocytopenia

What causes?

• It can be inherited from parents
• The bone marrow makes enough platelets but the body destroys them or uses them up.The stem cells are damaged so it does not grow into healthy blood cells
• Destroys its own platelets due to autoimmune disease, certain medicines, infections, surgery, pregnancy.
• The spleen holds onto too many platelets. Usually 1/3 of the body’s platelets are hrld in the spleen. If the spleen is enlarged then it will hold too many platelets it means not enough platelets in the blood

How does the component of blood affected in the disease?

• The person which has Thrombocytopenia will have fewer platelets his/her body.

What is the function of the blood component?

• Platelets repair cuts and damaged skin of a person.

How does the blood component differ from the rest?

• It is a small, irregularly shaped cell without a nucleus

How will the absence of the structure affect the patient?

• With fewer or no platelets, the person’s wounds will heal slower. The platelets circulate in the blood of mammals and are involved in hemostasis, leading to the formation of blood clots. Thus this cannot be carried out any longer.

Information taken from Wikipedia.com and our group's logical reasoning

Done by Ilya, Reuven, Kimberly, Millie and Serene

What is Coronary Heart Disease?

Your coronary arteries are the major blood vessels that supply us with blood, oxygen and nutrients and this disease causes the arteries to become damaged or diseased.

Source: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/coronary-artery-disease/DS00064

What causes Coronary Heart Disease?

Smoking, high amount of plaques, which are fats and cholesterol in the blood, High blood pressure, High amount of sugar in the blood due to insulin resistance or diabetes.

Source: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Cad/CAD_Causes.html

What are some of the symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease?

The symptoms are heart palpitations,difficulty in breathing and Angina

Source:http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Coronary-heart-disease/Pages/Symptoms.aspx

How to treat Coronary Heart Disease?

Even though there are no treatment for Coronary Heart Disease,but research and recent development of new medicines and significant improvements in surgical procedures have meant that the condition can now be managed more effectively. With the right treatment, the symptoms of coronary heart disease can be reduced and the functioning of the heart improved.

Source:http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Coronary-heart-disease/Pages/Treatment.aspx

How is the absence of blood component/structure affect the health of the patient?

Coronary artery disease (CAD) causes changes in both structure and function of the blood vessels. Atherosclerotic processes cause an abnormal deposition of lipids in the vessel wall, leukocyte infiltration and vascular inflammation, plaque formation and thickening of the vessel wall.

Source:http://www.cvphysiology.com/CAD/CAD001.htm

How is technology used to facilitate the analysis of one’s state of health and improve one’s lifestyle?

With technology, we know how to detect diseases and have safer ways to cure those diseases.

Also with technology, we can find out what causes the diseases and adapt our lifestyle so that we can prevent diseases.

How technology is used to save lives with respect to the disease investigated?

Currently, technology has many methods to save people with Coronary Heart Disease. The five main kinds are the Electrocardiogram(ECG), the 2D-echocardiogram, the Computered-tomography of Coronary Arteries, the Coronary Angiogram and the Coronary Angioplasty and stenting. The ECG captures the electrical impulses from the heart and presents it in graph to detect heart disease, allowing the surgeon to treat the heart. The 2D-echocardiogram uses ultrasound technology to visualise the heart to look for heart disease so the surgeon can treat it. Computered-tomography of coronary arteries uses special x-ray technology ie. CT scan to visualise the coronary arteries to look for artery blockage so the surgeon can treat it. Coronary Angiogream injects special dye into the coronary artery to visualise them. Coronary Angioplasty and stenting uses special equipment like balloons and metallic stents to treat blocked arteries by inflating a balloon in the artery to widen it.

Source:Bibliography

Dr Chua Gim Chuah, Radiologist from Gleneagles Hospital, informational interview, 19 February 2010

Done By :Mitchel,Roy,Qi ren and Pasakorn

Septicemia

What is Septicemia?

Septicemia is the clinical name for blood poisoning. This medical condition can be fatal, especially if the patient is allowed to progress into the stage of shock, and onset can be alarmingly rapid. If septicemia is suspected, a patient should be taken to a hospital for immediate medical attention.

What causes Septicemia?

Surgery, latent infections, and burns can all lead to septicemia, which is one very good reason to monitor any infections to ensure that they do not spread. A case of septicemia starts with bacteria or toxins that they produce invading the body by entering through the throat, gets into bloodstream, resulting in a coagulation (change to a solid or semisolid state) of the blood as the body tries to fight the bacteria

What are some of the symptoms of Septicemia?

The symptoms are confusion, chills, sweating, high fever and weakness. The heart rate and respiratory rate (number of breaths per minute) rise in association with the rising fever. If the condition progresses, the patient's blood pressure will drop, and the bacteria will start attacking major organs of the body, including the brain, rapidly causing severe damage which can be very difficult to treat.

How to treat Septicemia?

Antibiotics are used to treat the illness, which helps to kill the bacteria causing the condition. Transfusions of blood may also be utilized, along with dialysis and fluid replacement for patients suffering from diarrhoea. Patients with severe septicemia may be put on life support to help them breathe and to stabilize their heart rates.

How to prevent Septicemia?

You can prevent septicemia by maintaining good hygiene and general health, because it minimizes exposure to bacteria. It also ensures that your body can resist bacterial infections when it is exposed to harmful organisms.

If you have had surgical procedures, you should keep an eye on the site where the procedure was performed, and do not be afraid to speak up about any soreness, swelling, and general discomfort.

It is also important to receive medical treatment for deep cuts and puncture wounds so that you are able to receive proper treatment to prevent septicemia and the onset of septicemia.

Sources - Google

WiseGeek.com

Done by: Denise, Arthur, Norul, Jin Hui, Matthew, Hakeem

Online Quiz (For Practice)

Online quiz address: http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=digestion-quiz_2

Password: HEALTHSCIENCE

Students to login in this format: CLASS/ REGISTER NUMBER and FULL NAME.

Example: 104/01 DENISE LIM

Please look through the answers after completion.

Transport in Humans Assignment

1. Spend some time to think of the following questions using Questioning Techniques after watching the video:

i. What is the cause of the disease?

ii. How does the component of blood/ blood vessel affected in the disease?

iii. What is the function of the blood component/ structure in circulatory system?

iv. How does this blood component/ structure differ from the rest in the circulatory system?

v. How will the absence of the blood component / structure affect the health of the patient?

vi. How technology is used to facilitate the analysis of one’s state of health and improve one’s lifestyle?

vii. How technology is used to save lives with respect to the disease investigated?

We will be discussing the following diseases in the next lesson (Friday): Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia, Coronary Heart Disease & Septicemia. You can do some research and read in advance to facilitate the discussion :) You can use the above questions to guide your research and readings.

Class Test Reflection 1: Cells

Your reflections should describe your strengths and weaknesses in this test (Competency areas: Knowledge, Understanding & Application). Use specific examples from the questions to highlight these areas. Project into the future as to how you plan to improve this topic and each of these competency areas.

Please follow this format:

i) Strengths: . . .

ii) Weaknesses: . . .

iii) Areas to improve: . . .

Provide some questions as examples.

Note: Please use scholarly language with no spelling or grammatical errors. Avoid slang or casual conversational writing.

Food Tests!

Reducing sugar/Benedict's Test

Protein/Biuret Test

Fats/Emulsion Test

Games For Digestion (Crossword, Word Search & Jigsaw)

Try playing & learning at the same time :)

http://www.anatomyarcade.com/games/gamesDigestive.html